Transitioning from Mechanical to Electronic Access Control

What’s important when upgrading from mechanical to electronic door controls? Your answer has a lot to do with your orientation. Since you are reading the Locksmith Ledger, I’ll assume you are lock & key oriented.

Other trades would take different approaches since the door and locks are the least of their concerns. But working from the bottom up will help you avoid overlooking things that are obvious to you but not so much to a carpenter, an electrician or network analyst.

Every access control system, regardless of the number of doors that are ultimately included, is built up one door at a time.

Often, once one door is successfully upgraded, the client will sell himself on adding doors to his site or his other locations. Well actually, the client is not ‘selling himself’. By doing my job in an affable and professional manner, and by providing the right technology; and by their beginning to realize the recurring benefits the system is providing, the client is arriving at the realization that there are other openings which should be addressed. You need to prove yourself and prove your equipment. Sometimes you get the call from the client after some other security professional has had a crack at providing them access control. I can recall getting called to sites by end-users who are baffled by the system that some so-called experts have left them with. How could they do this and still consider themselves professionals?

All these items fall within the general heading of ethics. In some jurisdictions, a section of locksmith training required for registration is devoted to ethics. Ethics addresses a number of things besides the technical stuff, but in this era some of what many readers would consider being common sense, has become not commonly understood and cannot go without saying.

Site Survey

A thorough site survey is the starting point. How many doors? Do a complete survey of the doors and the site.

Speak to the client to determine what in their mind id the problem they are trying to solve. Assess the risks of the site in terms of the nature of the occupancy; the location: the type of pedestrian traffic typical for the location and if there staff available to participate in controlling the door.

I’d say the number one problem is that the door is not working, for example the door doesn’t close or the door does not consistently lock (latch),  or the doesn’t unlock with the code or credential or the door or locking system do not look ‘right’ in other words there are unfinished aspects to the job. In some cases, no one understands how to program the system, no one was given proper instruction or left with a brochure or even given a phone number to call for tech support.

As we have said in previous articles, it is recommended that the locksmith perform an inspection of the door. Inspections are required for fire doors by Code, you are an obvious candidate for performing the inspection, and unless you know the condition of the door you cannot provide the client with an accurate proposal or properly working system.

Here is a punchlist that is often used for the inspection of Fire Doors which can be helpful for you to cover all the parameters of the door, even if you are not performing an inspection, but rather a pre-sale engineering survey.

Door Inspection Checklist

This is list is designed to comply with NFPA 80 Fire Door requirements, so you may wish to reword and modify this list for your specific requirements.

1. No holes or breaks in door or frame.
2. Glazing and glass kit/glass beads are intact and securely fastened.
3. Door, frame, and hardware are in proper working order.
4. No missing or broken parts.
5. Door clearances are within allowable limits.
6. Door closer/spring hinges are operational and door is self-closing.
7. Coordinator ensures that door leaves close in proper sequence (pairs only).
8. Door is self-latching in the closed position.
9. Opening is not equipped with auxiliary hardware items which interfere with operation.
10. No field modifications have been performed that void the label.
11. Gasketing and edge seals, where required, are present, continuous, and of the proper type for a fire door.

Damaged or missing parts on the door and frame need to be identified and repaired.

Security and fire doors must have door closers in good working order. Door and frame must align so the latch will engage.

Leaving a project not completely finished is unprofessional and is inviting problems. Exposed or wiring or wiring otherwise not properly anchored can be vandalized or create a safety or operation issue. Sharp edges on strikes or locking hardware are a safety hazard to end users.

The locksmith should be ready to first address any existing issues that will prevent the access control upgrade from working properly. It is also imperative that end-users be given instructions on the programming of their new systems.

Electrifying the Door with Adams Rite

The Adams Rite Steel Hawk 4300 is an electrified no-cut replacement for MS® deadlocks and deadlatches and an easy alternative to installing maglocks or exit devices. Compatible with Adams Rite deadlatch trim including handles and paddles

4300 Specifications:

Cylinder Backset: 31/32”, 1-1/8”, and 1-1/2”

Case: Measures 15/16” x 5-13/16” x depth. Depth varies by backset. Steel with corrosion-resistant plating.

Latchbolt: 5/8” x 1” x 5/8” throw. Stainless steel.

Auxiliary Bolt: All metal. Deadlocks latchbolt to prevent “loading” or case-knife entry.

Faceplates: Measures 1” x 6-7/8”. Both flat and radius faceplates are supplied. Flat faceplates can also be adjusted in the field for right or left beveled edge doors.

Voltage: Field-selectable to match power source of 12, 16, or 24 VAC/VDC

Strikes: Pick from optional strikes. 4304 no-cut surface mounted strike for easy retrofits. Specify mortised-flush version 4901 when covering existing MS® deadlock preparation or for new applications. 4901 is available with radius profiles for pairs of doors and with extended lips of center-hung or thick door applications doors.

Cylinder Cam: 4300 Electrified Deadlatches are operable by any standard 1-5/32” diameter mortise cylinder with MS® cam, dimensioned as shown. Cylinders with MS cams can be readily obtained from most cylinder manufacturers. See CYLINDERS for cylinder make, thumbturn and trim ring information.

RITE Pack: The Steel Hawk 4300 RITE Pack conveniently pairs the non-handed, narrow backset, electrified deadlatch with the flexibility of multiple faceplates in a single, simple package.

The RITE Pack includes one electrified deadlatch and four faceplates.

The Adams Rite Dual Force 2190 combines the access control capabilities of a latch with the security of a deadbolt. Provides free egress out for safe passageway and can be easily integrated into an access control system.

2190 Specifications:

Inter-Connection: Field-selectable inter-connection feature allows interior trim to retract deadbolt and deadlatch. Consult local building officials for guidance in code compliance. Retrofits to existing MS1850S Deadbolt or 4500 and 4900 Deadlatch of the same backset. 1-3/4” minimum door thickness required.

Cylinder Basket: 1-1/8” or 1-1/2” only.

Latchbolt/Deadbolt: Latchbolt: 5/8” throw, solid brass. Easily reversible using only a screwdriver. Deadbolt: 1” throw, stainless steel.

Auxiliary Deadlatch Pin: Stainless steel. Deadlocks latch bolt to prevent “loading” or case-knife entry.

Faceplates: Measures 1” x 6-7/8”. Include FaceStyle faceplate system that adapts to flat, radius, or beveled door edge. Radius with weatherseal faceplate available separately.

Strikes: Standard strike furnished is the 2101-01 for flat jamb where door closes flush or nearly flush. The 2101 covers MS® Deadlock strike preparation with modification, and the 4901 Deadlatch strike directly. Also available in radius version for opposite stile pairs of doors and with extended lip strikes for special jamb conditions.

Cylinder Cam: The Dual Force 2190 is operable by any standard 1-5/32” diameter mortise cylinder with MS® cam, dimensioned as shown. Cylinders with MS® cams can be readily obtained from most cylinder manufacturers. See CYLINDERS section for cylinder make, thumbturn and trim ring information.

Options: Specify trim option, lever style, finish, and strike.  Also adapts to paddle operator 4591. See 2290 for wood or steel door version for stile and rail type door construction. Note that the low profile trim (trim option 3) is recommended for in-swing door applications. Please refer to 3080 (TRIM) for full offering of designer handle sets.

Electrified Trim Options: Order 2190 Electrification Kit EK-2190 for adding to the clutched exterior lever. Dual voltage 12/24 VDC rated for continuous duty operation. Energizing the lever allows exterior lever to be turned to retract latch only. The electrified option is not available for low profile trim (trim option 3).

The battery-operated eForce-150 provides basic access control for openings that don’t require an audit trail. It can accommodate up to 150 users and features an outdoor-rated keypad that can be programmed in three modes.

Housing: The sleek-looking 3090 eForce measures 1-3/4” wide x 15-3/8” high, with Satin Chrome (626) and Powdercoat Dark Bronze (121) finishes.

Handle: Clutch-protected cast zinc alloy, finished to match housing, field selectable handing.

Compatible Locking Devices: The 3090 eForce retrofits to Adams Rite MS® Deadlocks, 4500 and 4900 Deadlatches and 8000 Series Exit Devices in 31/32” backsets and greater. Additionally, the 3090 eForce-150 is compatible with Yale 7200 Series and Corbin Russwin ED4000 Series exit devices (check model number for availability).

Options:  RSK-3090, Remote activation input cable.

The 3080 Series Electrified Entry Trim provides simple access control right in the lever set. It enables remote activation of the locking function without unlatching the door, making this trim ideal for stairwell and fire doors.

More Info: email [email protected] or call 1-800-87-ADAMS or 623-582-4626.

Command Access

Command Access offers kits which enable the upgrade of mechanical exit devices, mortise locks and cylindrical locks for electrification. Their kits are designed for all the major brands.

How an exit device is to be electrified has to do with the application and may involve electrical dogging and/or electrical trim control. Command  offers these guidelines to help you select the right Command product.

Exit Device retrofit from mechanical to electromechanical application:

1. Examine the functional purpose of the opening – how do you want the opening to operate? In this approach, write a narrative of ingress and egress.
2. Function – Latch Retraction is Fail Secure only (EU) – Always free egress.
3. Do you have a door you can provide a raceway to wire the lock to the door transfer?
4. Is the door rated or non-rated; made of wood, metal or aluminum? This will determine the method of drilling a raceway.
5. Determine code compliance issues. Our kits maintain the device’s UL ratings
6. Is the existing hardware usable and presentable? This will dictate the replacement of any exit device parts and accessories. There is no need to replace any existing hardware that is mechanically usable and presentable.
7. Power requirements: New electrified exit device requires a power source capable of powering latch retraction – See CAT PS Line all designed for latch retraction and can be placed in a centralized location up to 500’ away.
8. Once the power is procured, how are you transferring the power to the Exit? Hinge, door loop, etc. Our Kits only require18/20 gauge wire, no need for a bigger gauge meaning it falls under low voltage so it can be ran by the installer instead of hiring an electrician. J

Command Access offers retrofit exit device kits to convert the following:  Adams Rite 8000, Cal Royal 9800/2200, Corbin Russwin 4000/5000, Hager 4500 – Release imminent, Sargent 80,  Von Duprin 33/35 & 98/99 and Yale 7000.

Mortise lock retrofit from mechanical to electromechanical application:

1. Examine the functional purpose of the opening – how do you want the opening to operate? In this approach, write a narrative of ingress and egress.
2. Function (classroom, storeroom, deadbolt, etc.); lever and trim style, finish, etc.
3. Do you have a door you can provide a raceway to wire the lock to the door transfer?
4. Is the door rated or non-rated; made of wood, metal or aluminum? This will determine the method of drilling a raceway. Confirm mortise 86 door prep.
5. Determine code compliance issues.
6. Are you replacing the hardware complete? Is the existing trim usable and presentable? This will dictate the replacement of the mortise chassis only in lieu of the complete lock.
7. If you replace the mortise chassis only, insure the existing strike marries up to the new lock or provide a new chassis, armor front and strike.
8. Power requirements: new electrified locks require a power source
9. Once the power is procured, how are you transferring the power to the lock? Hinge, door loop, etc.

Command Access options for retrofit mortise locks:

• Command Access offers its own retrofit lock – ML1; same footprint and template as Schlage L9000. Offers deadbolt electrified chassis for Schlage L9453.
• Lock chassis’ modified and stock in inventory: Best, Cal Royal, Corbin Russwin, Sargent, Schlage and Yale.
• Other locks modified per order: Accurate 9145, Arrow AM17 or BM17, Best 35D, Dorma, Emtek 3300, Falcon MA561 & 531, FSB 7145 (min. 2-3/4” BS, Omnia 1000/2000
• Special application mortise lock: Command Access Latch Pullback Mortise LPM1! ONLY US made mortise lock with latch retraction action – just like an exit device. See cut sheet for applications and use with power operators on in-swinging doors.
• If the service company or access control professional has lock bodies (chassis) in possession, Command Access can arrange a simple, ‘Modification Only’ of the customers lock body. Modifications are completed in the Command Access factory.
• Very low power required to energize the locks – consult website and cut sheets.
• Field installable Request-to-Exit switches are available, consult the website. Other switches are available: LBM, DPS, Security monitor. 
• CRU2 – innovative module attached in line with voltage. Acts as line protection, rectifier and regulates incoming voltage from 10 – 30V to protect the solenoid coil for longer life.
• Attachments: lock cut sheets.

Cylindrical lock retrofit from mechanical to electromechanical application:

1. Examine the functional purpose of the opening – how do you want the opening to operate? In this approach, write a narrative of ingress and egress
2. Function – storeroom, clutching, etc.; lever and trim style, finish, etc.
3. Do you have a door you can provide a raceway to wire the lock to the door transfer?
4. Is the door rated or non-rated; made of wood, metal or aluminum? This will determine the method of drilling a raceway. Confirm cylindrical 161 door prep.
5. With cylindrical locks, the complete lock must be upgraded and replaced. Only Grade 1 locks are typically electrified.
6. Power requirements: new electrified locks require a power source. Once the power is procured, how are you transferring the power to the lock? Hinge, door loop, etc.

Command Access options for electrified cylindrical locks:

• Command Access offers its own retrofit lock – CL1; same footprint and template as Schlage ND series. Available in both clutching and non-clutching feature.
• Cylindrical locks modified and in stock by Command Access: Best, Cal Royal, Corbin Russwin, Sargent and Schlage.
• Other locks modified per order: Arrow, Doormerica, International Door Closer, LSDA(CLC5400)
• Very low power required to energize the locks – consult website and cut sheets.
• Field installable Request-to-Exit switches are available, consult the website. www.commandaccess.com

Security Door Controls

Since 1973, thousands of SDC electrified locksets have been installed in buildings dominating city skylines worldwide. When paired with other SDC access control components – like the PTHQ Power Transfer Hinge - compatibility is guaranteed.

SDC SK Series Field Electrification & REX Kits are used to convert mechanical locks into electric access controlled locks, enabling fast electrification of existing locks in the field. Failsafe and Failsecure options are easily selected and can be changed in the field to suit any need. Optional Request-To-Exit kit provides indication of inside lever operation for alarm shunt, remote annunciation or CCTV activation.

Models include:

SK-L90 Schlage L9080 Field Electrification & REX KitsSK-L90 Field Retrofit Electrification Kit for Schlage L9000 Mechanical Mortise Lockset. 600/300 mA @ 12/24VDC

SK-L90-SC Field Retrofit Electrification Kit, including Springcage for Schlage L9080 Mechanical Mortise Lockset 600/300 mA @ 12/24VDC

S7800-REX Request-to-exit kit for Schlage L9000 indicates inside lever operation for access control input, alarm shunt, remote annunciation or CCTV auxiliary device activation. SPDT 5 AMP @ 30VDC

SK-88 Field Retrofit Electrification Kit for Yale 8805

LM-88 Field Latch Kit for Yale 8805

SK-82 Field Retrofit Electrification Kit for Sargent 8206

LM-82 Field Latch Kit for Sargent 8206

SDC’s ElectraTM Pro Z7200 Electrified Cylindrical Locksets with standard Request-to-Exit Output are ideal for openings in commercial, industrial and institutional facilities. They provide both the locking and latching features required to maintain all national building/fire life safety code requirements for fire rated office doors, corridor doors, lobby doors, exit doors and stairwell doors, and provide a superior appearance without the need for additional request-to-exit controls. Available in failsafe and fail secure modes, controlled access and remote control capability is provided while the door stays latched even when unlocked to maintain fire door integrity. The Z7200 incorporates the latest innovative design features, including a vandal resistant lever clutch mechanism. Additional features include:

The SDC EntryCheck® E70 Series features Bluetooth-enabled software and 10,000 event audit trails in two new models. EntryCheck® is a simplified solution requiring no wires, fewer components, less labor and costs for access control of single doors up to 3,000 users.

These indoor/outdoor, standalone, wireless electronic battery powered solutions provide controlled access for basic and multi-level high security requirements. EntryCheck® locksets are keypad programmable, and combine multiple access technology with efficient SDC electrified cylindrical and mortise locksets and exit devices. E75 models can be retrofitted to existing prep for cylindrical locks.

More Info: www.sdcsecurity.com

MEDECO XT

When we say moving from mechanical to electronic security, it is often describing the transition from a traditional mechanical key to an electronic credential and software based means of managing doors and users. MEDECO has a solution which enables the re-use of existing locking hardware and replacing the cylinders and keys to provide the same security management features only available with conventional EAC systems.

Medeco® XT is a complete electronic locking system providing Controlled Access, Accountability, Physical Security, and System Management.

Audit Accountability: Audit information recorded in both the lock and key shows a time-and-date stamped record of every event, including authorized accesses and unauthorized attempts.

Uses Existing Hardware: Medeco® XT key provides all power to the cylinder, eliminating the need for any hard wiring or power supply. Simply remove the existing mechanical cylinder and install the Medeco® XT cylinder.

Reduces Risk of Lost Keys: Respond quickly to security threats, lost or stolen keys, or personnel changes without the added cost of changing your locks and keys.

Electronic Scheduling: Keys are electronically programmed to open only specific locks during a designated schedule. Schedules may also contain an expiration point to completely disable the key until it is audited and reprogrammed.

Medeco M³ & X4 CLIQ merges the features of electronics with reliable mechanical technology – all in a retrofit cylinder. M³ & X4 CLIQ offers end users audit trail, user access schedules and the ability to quickly and remotely change intelligent key authorizations with the CLIQ Web Manager and Remote.

M³ & X4 CLIQ installs with no wiring in a matter of minutes and intelligent keys and digital cylinders reprogram for electronic master keying.

CLIQ can be combined with systems featuring Medeco3, X4 or Bi-Level mechanical products to offer a blended security solution.

More Info: www.medeco.com