10 Years Ago
The October 2012 cover theme was mechanical to electronic. Tim O’Leary updated an older, existing exit device, highlighting the Securitron Concealed Electrical Power Transfer (CEPT) device and Securitech GG trim. Jerry Levine installed a SARGENT surface vertical-rod exit device that had electrified trim onto a pair of aluminum glass doors equipped with concealed vertical-rod exit devices. The Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association explained ANSI/BHMA standards for door hardware. On the residential side, Levine also took a first look at Emtek’s EMTouch touchscreen deadbolt for the residential market. Master Lock introduced its residential Electronic Keypad Deadbolt that replaced standard deadbolts and required no additional door prep. “Does this vehicle have a transponder?” Ten years later, the answer is yes for most vehicles. Steve Young shared tips on determining whether a vehicle has a working transponder system. Gale Johnson shared tips for changing the combination on several electronic safe lock models.
20 Years Ago
Dale Bowman, Medeco, provided important information on the KeyMark cylinder system. Jerry Levine installed a GT series Spirit lever lock by PDQ. Gale Johnson showed the various lock cylinders available in interchangeable-core cylinders from Arrow Lock. Mike Foty discovered a recall of locks for Lane Cedar chests. Jerry Levine also installed a Yale SecureX delayed-egress exit device. Keyless Ride keyless entry remotes were featured in the October 2002 issue. Tiny fit keys to a monster Fleetwood RV. Tiny also demonstrated how to originate tubular keys by using the adapter parts for an HPC code machine. Jerry Levine reported on the Lockmasters recIGNITION which can be personalized with a separate line of jewels. Tim O’Leary introduced locksmiths to Ohm's law and its effect on electronic lock servicing. Jerry Levine reported on the arrival of the H2 Hummer in 2002. It was gone by 2010. Tom Gillespie suggested ways to improve profit through better merchandising displays. Earl Truncer, Ingersoll Rand, explained how you can generate business with stand-alone access control systems.
Exit Device Basics
Exit devices are designed to be installed onto the secure side of outswinging doors. They restrict access while providing free egress. The exit device developed in the United States was introduced after the loss of lives in a number of building fires, including the infamous Iroquois Theatre fire of 1903, where more than 600 people died. The exit device solved the problem of people being crushed against the doors, because they didn’t have prior knowledge of how to open the door or time to unlock and open the door.
Early exit devices used a metal tube (crossbar) between two cases that were attached onto either side of the door. The active case has a latch bolt that would retract when the tube was pushed in a downward and forward direction, which permits the door to swing open. This way, if someone “crashed” into the exit device, the latch would release and the door would swing open.
There are three common types of exit devices: rim, mortise lock and vertical rod. Most common is the rim exit device that probably was named “rim” because the latching mechanism is similar to the rim locks sold in the East and Midwest during the early 20th century. The rim lock and the rim exit device are surface-mounted on the secured side of the door. The rim exit device is a self-contained door lock mechanism. The latch bolt is located within the center case or chassis.
Rim exit devices have a surface-mounted latch or bolt that slides over the surface-mounted strike. The more common latch is a Pullman style that swings back at an angle as the bar or pushpad is depressed. The latch is located at the front edge of the center case. A deadlatching mechanism prevents the latch from being forcibly retracted to gain unauthorized access. Rim exit devices can be equipped with exterior trim that contains a lock cylinder.
The mortise lock-style exit device incorporates a mortise lock normally without a deadbolt mounted in the door pocket. The mortise lock is part of the exit device. A standard mortise lock isn’t designed to operate as an exit device. When the push bar is pressed, the spindle or tail shaft rotates, which retracts the latch bolt and permits the door to swing out. Mortise lock exit devices can be equipped with exterior trim that contains a lock cylinder. The exit device is mounted onto the interior side of the door, with the mortise lock mortised into the door edge.
Although mortise lock exit devices can be installed onto single door openings, the mortise lock exit device often is installed onto the active leaf of a pair of doors. The inactive leaf can have a vertical-rod exit device or flush bolts that secure the pair of doors within the opening if there’s no mullion.
Vertical-rod exit devices are available in the concealed or surface versions. The rods connect the device’s pushpad to the top and bottom latches. Vertical rod exit devices can be configured as top and bottom rod, or top rod only, commonly known as Less Bottom Rod (LBR). LBR exit device installations are normally for interior or doors within a secured area.
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